Cyber Security And Cyber Attacks - 1503 Words

Technology is becoming more prevalent in our daily lives which increases the number of vulnerabilities and the number of threats that have could negatively impact organizations information security. A vast majority of organizations rely on computers and the internet to store its data. Cyber attacks can take place in a variety of industries that might the general population does not realize such as cellular communication services, airplane navigation systems, and medical record security. All of these organizations are in highly diverse industries but need to be aware of cyber threats that could affect their specific industry. The best way for an organization to protect its data and private information is to implement cybersecurity†¦show more content†¦Hackers have extensive computer knowledge that allows them to bypass an organization s security but not all hackers are malicious and intend to exploit an organization s vulnerabilities. A white hat hacker is hired by an organiz ation to hack into an organization s system to check for weaknesses to increase the security of a certain area. A gray hat hacker is also hired by an organization to hack into an organization s system to check for weakness but this hacker went further into the system than allowed by the organization. A black hat hacker is a hacker that attacks a system in a malicious way for illegitimate reasons. When an organization implements a well thought out cybersecurity system it can help reduce the likelihood of a cyber attack from occurring and having a detrimental outcome to the organization. Management of an organization needs to protect the organization from different forms of cyber attacks. The most common cyber attacks include malware, cyber phishing, and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. Malware is code with malicious intent that attempts to steal or destroy data that is on the host s system. Malware is commonly exposed to an organization s system through software downloads, email attachments or operating system vulnerabilities. Cyber phishing attacks occur when a third-party requests data from an employee within an organization via email. These emails will usually consist of a link that will transferShow MoreRelatedCyber Security And Cyber Attacks Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Cyber security is a major concern for every department, business, and citizen of the United States because technology impacts every aspect of our daily lives. The more we use technology the more complacent, we get with the information that is stored within our cyber networks. The more complacent, we get, the more vulnerable we become to cyber-attacks because we fail to update the mechanisms that safeguard our information. 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Hip Hop Music Mirrors All Urban Society free essay sample

From 1950 to the late sasss, social conflicts all over the world encouraged the success of HIP Hop due Its ability to mirror the negative and positive aspects of society, and in doing this, the concept of Hip Hops real lyrics were very easily translated and adopted overseas. To understand Hip Hops ability to migrate around the world, it must be understood what Hip Hop was created out of. First, American Urban society, from the Civil Rights Era until now has matured, creating Hip Hops lyrics in both Its negative recap of the destruction of South Bronx and the new AIDS epidemic and positive reenactment of the solution brought by the Civil Rights Era and the urban society ability to attain wealth. Secondly, after the Cold War and the reconstruction of Europe and Asia, urban societies were more open to accept anything that reflected American culture, especially the idea of a genre that could explain the pain experienced as a result of the Cold War. Lastly, even though lyrics follow the urban societys view on their own situations, many contemplate that the content can be mislead, over exaggerate or Inappropriately describe the nation and Its people. As often as Americans preach the good word of fairness and equality, the American urbanites filling cities Like Chicago, Atlanta and Watts were locked out of the sermon. During what historians call the Civil Rights Era (Timeline: Civil Rights Era 1954-1971), Americans would witness multiple changes in the country history in regards to minorities, especially African Americans.And to truly understand the lyrical significance of Hip Hop, it is imperative that the history leading up to the beginning of Hip Hop. Take year 1 956, this Is not only the same year Clive Campbell, he father of Hip Hop was born, but also the year that the Supreme Court found the segregation of the Montgomery Buses as an unconstitutional practice (Timeline: Call Rights Era 1954-1971). And from that year on, that generation would enter into their teenage years witnessing the creation of greatest label known to Black society during that time: Mouton, the Woolworth Sit-ins, the 1965 Watts Riot and the death of two political figures who were known to be the most influential African Americans alive: Martin Luther King Jar. And Malcolm X. By the time of both mens deaths, It is 1968 and hat generation is old enough to comprehend their environment and the lasting effects it would have on them as individuals.The African American children who lived in South Bronx, which is known as Hip Hops birth place, were influenced by much more than the national issues of Civil Injustice and the end of the Vietnam War. In the late 1960, the state government of New York ordered the bussing of inner city kids out of the South Bronx and Into the suburban areas. Worried about the late arrivals of their children after school, many parents In South Bronx moved out Into hose suburban areas res ulting In a large number vacancy In the South Bronx.On top of that, New York City is known for its rent control which gave building owners no incentive to improve their building, which resulted in more vacancies. With these two factors increasing the amount of vacancies and the economy of South Bronx deteriorating, the government blindly created thirty five story high housing developments for low income citizens. Now that the housing developments have the market value was decrease more drastically when the state decided to concentrate the welfare households, making South Bronx home to thousands of lifer recipients.Then, by increasing the lump payments by more than two thousand dollars for low income tenants to move in, South Bronx became not only a borough of welfare recipients but a place where poverty ran ramped. And poverty didnt end there. During all of this, the personal and business taxes were increasing. This, unfortunately, resulted in the self inflicted destruction of South Bronx. Business and Home owners began burning their own property as a way to escape with some financial stability. (City on a hill.The South Bronx: From Urban Planning Victim to Victor) Fortune magazines Herbert Meyer wrote an article about the South Bronx entitled, How the Government helped ruin the South Bronx, which describes the South Bronx as a human hellhole. It is reported in only five short years (City on a hill. The South Bronx: From Urban Planning Victim to Victor), due to the arsenal business and home owners starting and causing 68,456 fires (Yuan), South Bronx was filled with poor minorities who were economically and socially trapped.By this time, it is 1975 and the generations responsible for Hip Hop are now in their late teens and early twenties. They lived in those housing developments and not only did they witness the deaths of Martin Luther King Jar. And Malcolm X but they watched as their own state government abandoned them. This created Hip Hop. Its lyrical content was cocky but more importantly, bluntly honest. They talked about their clothes, their neighborhoods, the cops, but they offered the nation the opportunity to hear how the generation that endured grew up during that Civil Rights era felt about their own existence.Some microphone controllers, also called Masc., rapped about fighting the powers that be (Public Enemy Fight the Power) but it couldnt be ignored the heroically content of sasss The Message. Grand Master Flash, one of the pioneers in the genre known as Hip Hop wrote his song Message giving the world lines like, Dont push me, cause close to the edge. Im trying not to loose my head. Its like a jungle sometimes, it makes me wonder how I keep from going under, where he descriptively narrated about his life in the Bronx.Even though African Americans are increasing their financial incomes and attending universities at a higher percentage (African American History Month: February 2006), they also, unfortunately, have the shiest reported percentage of HIVE/AIDS cases (Fact Sheet: HIVE/AIDS among African Americans) and collectively are more poor than any other race in US (2006 Census Poverty and Income Data). Reacting to this major change in urban society where Hip Hop was created, the lyrical content changed to reflect that.As forty nine percent of the African American Community suffer from HIVE/AIDS (Fact Sheet: HIVE/AIDS among African Americans) in addition to having the highest poverty percentage among any race, the artist Common mentions the effect of AIDS and the poverty issue plaguing African American society in his song Misunderstood released this past summer. Evidently the lyrical content of Hip Hop directly mirrors urban American society.On an international scale, the social and economic despair was caused by most of Rupees inability to repair itself fast enough after the Cold War and their own civil disputes. Cold War, which happened during the 1945 through 1960, affected the entire world individually. As late at 1990, Europe still saw the immediate aftermath of area were that the once isolated areas would be swarmed by civilians wanted a deter life (Gumball), which resembled Americas issues with immigration being that Nearly half of all Americans believe[d] that the nation accepts too many immigrants (Flowed). Specifically in the United Kingdom, they were not only experiences the rebirth of their nation, but enduring the after effects of the 1965 Race Relations Act and the devastating South London riots (Commanding Heights: The United Kingdom Rule of Law). The South London riots occurred only three years before Americas Los Angels Riots, but the same year they adopted their Race Relations Act, Malcolm X was assassinated. It is evident that this period was very important for the minority community both in America and in the United Kingdom, which is the reason the United Kingdom has always been open to adopt American music.The Japans, on the other hand, wanted to be like the Asian America. After the Cold War, Japan reassessed its security policy, mirroring the American policy on international policy (The United States and Japan after the Cold War). During the end of the sasss, the Japanese youth were evolving into themselves. They are described as individualists and expressionists (Sukiyaki) . This may have been a result of what some historians call the Lost Decade. During this decade, economic expansion halted and unemployment rose significantly Pan History The sass (the lost decade)).Now, as Japan is one of the most economically successful countries in the world, Hip Hop has grown into its own. Internationally, the lyrics truly speak to the Worlds youth. For example, the lyrics of Hip Hop communicate to the youth at such an alarming rate that the United Nations Youth Assembly invited the Hip-Hop Summit Youth Council to participate in the 4th Annual Youth Assembly (Hip-Hop Summit Youth Council Partners with Friendship Ambassadors Foundation and United Nations Member Countries to Support 4th Annual Youth Assembly at the United Nations).The UN member countries that are sponsoring this event are Bosnia, Herringbone, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Republic of Argentina, Slovenia, South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Turkey, Northern Ireland, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain, pro ving that Hip Hop is being used as an international tool to reach todays youth (Hip-Hop Summit Youth Council Partners with Friendship Ambassadors Foundation and United Nations Member Countries to Support 4th Annual Youth Assembly at the United Nations). Turning on the TV, blasting the radio or even surfing the internet will definitely result in seeing something Hip Hop related. From HP commercials to Don Emus and his comment about nappy headed hoes, Hip Hops creativity and sometimes vulgarity can be seen any and everywhere. This is definitely the case when Don Emus, a famous American television and radio host, was quoted referring to the Rutgers Womens Basketball team as nappy headed hoes, resulting in his temporary dismissal from CBS (CBS Fires Don Emus Over Racial Slur). In response, Russell Simmons, founder of Deaf Jam Recordings, calls for radio to bleep out ho, bitchy and Amiga (Adages).When it comes to censorship, he believes artists should Voluntarily show respect to African Americans and other people of color, African American women and to all women in lyrics and images. .. (Adages). In the I-J, the Black Music Congress has even gone so as to create An ethical code for the British black music industry to tackle the increasing use of offensive lyrics. .. Joseph). For censorship is not an option. When was mentioned to American rapper T. L. He replies l know the a-word, the H-word and the N-word are the words under attack right now. And I dont know if you know it or not, people, but there are pitches, insignias and whos who live in America. And as long as that fact exists, I think rappers deserve the right to talk about it. (Mitchell). In regards to the violence in lyrics, American rapper 50 cent spoke with Billboard explaining that Music is a mirror and hip-hop is a reflection of the environment we grew up in, the harsh realities (Mitchell). And as this reality is lived only for a minority of the worlds population, global acceptance ofHip Hops lyrics will always be a conflicting issue, but it will remain a trend that continues to grow as the generations adopt it. Due to the worlds history and the youths ability to evolve around it, Hip Hop has been the communication tool to express their concerns to the world. Whether those concerns are about the great economic progress of the overall minority community in America or the horrific deaths resulting from the historic yet still relevant religious wars in the Middl e East, the lyrical content tell it all. Its Easier to Promote MS Late than Nominee Love In their prime, which would be the late asss and early asss, Auks Nominee Love was the equivalent to Brooklyn MS Late. Now days, MS Late is touring the US, installing friends into the Hip Hop Hall of fame and hosting the AIDS Responsibility Project in Toronto (MS Late High Lutes), while Nominee Love loses her position as a radio host with 100. 3 The Beat in Philadelphia (DC/On Air Staff.Examples of the long term success of I-J Hip Hop versus Hip Hop in the US dont usually come through this clear, especially when it comes to promoting the music. To make this point easily nonviable, keep this in mind: If the lyrics are an image of urban society, then a Hip Hop artist is the wall length mirror, making everything seem relatively smaller than it would appear in real life. It is smaller in the sense that its lyrics are watered down to hinder an International Don Emus-like scandal.And with both UK and US Hip Hop being graded by its radio-frien dly demeanor, it is still harder to promote a Hip Hop artist from the I-J in the UK if its major competition is a rapper whose fame was sought in the US due to the concept referring to the dramatic loss being affected y the development of notably rap, hip hop and R. .. (Make or break Supporting: UK music in the USA) and the Auks inability to compete (Make or break Supporting: UK music in the USA).First, the evidence is in radio play; American famed artists hit Auks top ten more frequently than an artist from the country would. Secondly, in regards to MET, US artists are more visible than UK artists as a direct relation to their Billboard performance. And lastly, based on information found about and on the topic of Taskmaster, British venues are selling American hip hop artists at a higher rice than the British Hip Hop artist, making it financially encouraging to find innovative ways to sell more tickets.In the August 1 lath issue of Billboard, out of the five American-famed artist that sit in the top 10 1-J singles (Gauge 1 lath: Hits of the World: I-J), three are in the Billboard Hot 100 (August 1 lath: The Billboard Hot 100). Two weeks later, American-famed artists took over by taking six of the ten top spots (Gauge 25th: Hits of the World: I-J). This shouldnt be a surprise. International and Paul Brindled of the British Council know this well. The gentleman report that the US S the worlds most dominant music market. .. , making it easy for American artist to move from country to country (Make or break Supporting: UK music in the USA).As far as the UK is concerned, the concept of American culture isnt what pulls their consumers in to buy American rapper Kenya Wests new album because the UK has always been a supporter of America and its culture, whether it be political or social. It is the lyrical content. And it should not be hard to grasp that if the American-famed artists are taking a majority of the Billboard top spots, then I-J radio play is in favor of American hip hop. Other than radio, American hip hop artists are searched at a higher rate than British Hip Hop artists. Take MET.On their most popular searches, for weeks at a time, seven out of the eight popular searches listed where American (Popular Searches). What is more astounding is that six of those where either hip hop artists or shows that play hip hop music (Popular Searches). Now, believing that an artist is famous due to the relevancy of the lyrical content, then these artists must be affecting the culture of the I-J. If MET is the channel for the young, then the young must be accepting American problems expressed by these American Artists as those of their own. In other words, American and British youth relate to each other.And because this is true, promoting the American artist resembles a foreign delicacy whose concept isnt so foreign. So if an artist does well with his radio play and goes to MET, he is expected to go on tour, where he will receive most of his income. As a music lover would, the British consumer would go onto Taskmaster and see that twenty out of thirty-nine Hip Hop shows are those with British Artists (Taskmaster). And how do the prices vary? Indeed they do. For British Hip Hop artists, a consumer wouldnt have to pay any more than twenty Euros, while their American counterparts go for way past twenty Euros (Taskmaster).Now, Taskmaster has Jumped onto a new promotional idea brought to the I-J, which is targeted at the younger generation: Mobile. This company has dedicated itself to mobile phone ticketing and has seen extreme success after achieving .. . The worlds largest ever use of mobile ticketing with over 20,000 tickets for general admission At the 02 Wireless Festivals in London and Leeds Lully 2006 Mobile Newsletter). Now, it s reported that .. . Taskmaster has now announced that they are to roll out mobile ticketing to all of their I-J clients Lully 2006 Mobile Newsletter).With tickets being sold up to the very last minute to increase sales, Taskmaster will be able to sell more at a faster rate Lully 2006 Mobile Newsletter). And it seems silly to announce that Taskmaster will push the American Hip Hop artists at a higher rate due to their popularity and financial success. Any market that harbors American Hip Hop will succeed for multiple reasons. First, the American culture is widely accepted all over the world. Also, the American market share for Hip Hop music is huge in comparison to its foreign competitors, making it a sure money-maker.So in comparison to the British competitor, who is in a market that the British Council admits suffered a major loss during Hip Hops prime (Make or break Supporting: UK music in the USA), American Hip Hop had no choice but to succeed and dominate radio and television while causing change in the way performances are being marketed and sold. The Youth of Japan take the Promotion of American Hip Hop without a Fight The over Americanization themselves, they have adopted American hip hop and its artist hill promoting and accepting their own Hip Hop artists at a larger scale, unlike the I-J.This is proven by one major fact: Japan has a plethora of Hip Hop artist who relate to the Japanese population lyrically and receive much better radio play than that of British hip hop artists in the I-J. With relatively any crime and absolutely no poverty Pan Information), its no wonder Japanese cant identify with American Hip Hop. So the Japanese created their version of Hip Hop. And its selling. l never thought there would be a time when Japanese records could outsell American ones UT its happening, explains a store manager from Tokyo Pan grows its own hip- hop).In fact, while observing that Americans dominated the I-J charts, it was also observed that Americans were not present on the Japanese charts at all (Hits of the World: Japan). And there is no Taskmaster, but there are multiple sites dedicated to that service. These sites did not translate to English, but it was evident that their most popular performers, who would be on the home page, were not American. So even though American music, specifically Hip Hop, do well in Japan, the market is turning more isolated every day. And due to this isolation, only huge stars, like Jay Z or legend Run DAM, would be profitable touring there. Worldwide Glimpse Since 2002, record sales have been declining and they have stopped nose-diving yet (Global sales of recorded music down 7% in 2002). And as Hip Hop matures lyrically, its consumer base widens to accommodate the mature lyrical content, which should hopefully stabilize the decrease. But as the world adopts this genre as their own, the trend of lyrics explaining the grief of urban and young society will continue and mature as the genre is mastered and marketing successfully.

Nationalism In 19Th Century Ireland Essays -

Nationalism In 19Th Century Ireland Nationalism in Ireland during the Nineteenth Century After the Act of Union in 1801 the fate of the Irish people was in the hands of British M.P.s. They ruled the majority in Parliament and were making all of the decisions without much regard for the opinion from the people of Ireland. In order for the voices of the Irish people to be heard there would have to be a new nationalist approach to dealing with the British Parliament. Leaders such as Daniel OConnell and Charles Parnell revolutionized strategies of approaching government. The beginning of the century belonged to OConnell and his nonviolent approach, but the second half of the century belonged to Parnell who was not concerned as much with peace. At the beginning of the eighteenth century the question at hand was whether or not Catholics could be trusted, however the early part of the nineteenth century dealt with a new issue, Catholic Emancipation. The success of the emancipation effort can be attributed to the political genius of one man, Daniel OConnell. OConnell was a successful lawyer in Ireland and wanted to join his people together to fight for Catholic Emancipation. Although the penal laws at the end of the eighteenth century had allowed Catholics to have their own schools, vote at parliament elections and join professions, they were still banned from sitting in parliament, becoming judges, and holding high offices in the army and navy. OConnell realized that in order to receive full emancipation they would have to join together in a single organized effort. His actions displayed a nationalist effort that had never been seen before to this caliber before. In 1823 OConnell started the Catholic Association. What was different about the Association than any other prior movement groups was that it included everyone. It was not aimed solely at the wealthy. This mass of people included the Catholic Clergy who became trusted leaders of local agitations. OConnell established a rent which was a one penny per month subscription to the association. This rent not only produced more revenue for the cause than ever before, but also created a sense of belonging to the cause. In order to change the voice of parliament to support Catholic emancipation the Association pushed its members to vote. They did not want them to vote according to their landlords whishes like they had done in the past. OConnell and the association wanted the people to vote to help their cause. The association was able to help financially support those who were kicked off of their land for not complying with their landlords wishes of who to vote for. This enabled a few members of parliament who were opposed to emancipation be replaced by those who did. Another turning point of the movement was when OConnell decided to run against Fitzgerald for a seat in Parliament. Although OConnell was prohibited by law to actually sit in parliament he was allowed to run. In 1828 OConnells people showed up at the voting booths in large numbers and he defeated Fitzgerald, adding fire to his cause. Wellington and Peel were very powerful leaders in Parliament and opposed to the emancipation of Catholics, but could not fail to recognize the intensity and organization of the Association. Even though OConnell called for a peaceful resolution Peel and Wellington feared violence. When the Catholic Emancipation bill was introduced in 1829 they supported and it was passed on April thirteenth of that year. This was a huge victory for OConnell and they Catholic people. It also showed how when a feeling of nationalism was created for a cause that goals could be accomplished. This was the most defining moments of OConnells career and inspiration for his repeal association which followed soon after. The repeal association was organized in a similar fashion to the Catholic Association. It included a rent, and encouraged support from the masses. OConnell and his followers believed that if they stood up to parliament in an organized fashion with large numbers of people then change could be made without the use of physical force. Monster meetings were organized where attendance was unprecedented. It seemed as though the people would be heard again, but OConnell did not realize that the circumstances of parliament differed greatly during the repeal movement than those of the emancipation movement. The conservative party had taken control of parliament and OConnells rival Robert Peel was Prime Minister. Peel and the parliament were not nearly as

Canadas depreciating dollar essays

Canadas depreciating dollar essays The Depreciation of the Canadian Dollar Canada has been increasing its prestige as a high-tech, industrial, society since the end of World War II. In many ways it resembles very closely its southern North American cousin, the United States. Some of those similarities are residing in its market-orientated system, pattern of production, and its high standard of living. Most years following the war up to the present, Canada has experienced some kind of continued growth as a prosperous and developed country. However, during the year of 1998, Canada experienced an unexpected large depreciation in their dollar relative to the United States. Late in August of that year, in fact, the value reached an all-time low. During this paper, I will try to present some of the possible economic factors that may or may not have led to this change in Canadas exchange rate. I will also examine some additional analysis and theories as to why the trend possibly occurred. As the year 1998 approached, the trend for the Canadian dollar was on a steady decrease in value in relation to the U.S. dollar. With each passing year the dollar lost some value as the table below demonstrates. Exchange Rate 1.16 1.38 1.36 1.38 1.48 *All data tables extrapolated from the Cambridge Forecasts Country Report, unless otherwise noted. It took an exceptional hit during the year, moving the rate from 1.38 U.S. dollars to 1.48 in U.S. dollars. The plunge is better exhibited in Appendix 1, with the sharp decrease of the dollar illustrated graphically and more specifically, with Appendix 2 showing the drop throughout the year of 1998 alone. In terms of growth rate, the years leading up to the exchange rate drop in 1998 showed very typical numbers. There was nothing out of the ordinary, or anything to hint at a sharp decrease in the value of the Canadian dollar. As highlighted below, up to 1998, the economy was growing at a slow but steady rate each ...

Adolescent Development

There are mutual influences between an individual and their social environment. There are also at-risk factors involved in the life of a developing adolescent that interconnects with a series of reciprocal systems. I can recall as a developing adolescent quickly maturing into adulthood, the many social, economic, external and internal influences that contributed to certain at-risk behaviors. These type of influences impacted me directly and indirectly. I was influenced by the several environments I was in, and I also contributed to influencing the environment around me. Attempting to exert control over uncontrollable circumstances only lead to desperate situations and weighty consequences. However, learning to accept my present circumstances, and how to appropriately respond to the hardship and temptations in life developed positive life changes. Individual human development occurs within interconnected and embedded ecological systems (McWhirter et al, 2013). The ecological systems include the individual, the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, and macrosystem (McWhirter et al, 2013). The individual consists of genetic and biological factors, and personality characteristics (McWhirter et al, 2013). The microsystem consists of the people that the individual comes into direct contact with and who the individual interacts with (McWhirter et al, 2013). The mesosystem is the embedded interconnections between different microsystems and the impact of the interactions that take place (McWhirter et al, 2013). The exosystem consists of the interconnections between one or more settings that indirectly involve the individual (McWhirter et al, 2013). The macrosystem represents the social blueprint of cultural values, societal structure, gender-role socializations, race relations, belief systems, and national and international resources (McWhirter et al, 2013). The chronosystem is the interconnection and interaction of the individual within different environments, and is the transitions that occur during the course of the individual’s lifetime (McWhirter et al, 2013). These interconnecting systems are referred to as the ecological model, and assumes that the individual is continually interacting with his or her environment  that produces constant change due to mutual influences (McWhirter et al, 2013). Part A – The Ecological Model The core of who I really am involves the combinations of my genetic predispositions, evolutionary and biological components, personality characteristics, and the ongoing process of behavioral, cognitive, and affective experiences (McWhirter et al, 2013). Who I am has a lot to do with my experiences in life, my responses to life events, and the social and environmental influences and interactions involved. The ecological model provides a greater understanding of how I influence my environment and my environment influences me. This is important because it is through the interactions of the ecological systems that help me better understand myself and others. The Individual. I entered the world with an umbilical cord wrapped around my neck, struggling to live due to insufficient oxygen intake. As a child I was very susceptible to illness. As an adult I discovered that I was living with an autoimmune disorder. I have very vivid fragmented memories as a child of several doctor office visits. At the personal level, I was a very fearful, anxious, angry, socially withdrawn child who experienced an unstable, insecure, neglectful, abusive, and dysfunctional home environment. The structure of personality develops in childhood and continues to develop in adulthood (Caspi, Roberts Shiner, 2005). I developed a combination of extraversion and introversion traits. These traits show themselves depending on how safe I determine the environment around me to be. As a child I experienced positive and negative emotionality. I at times struggle with viewing the world as a safe place and occasionally viewed it as threatening. I experienced anxious distress with a tendency toward anxiety, sadness, insecurity, and guilt. As a teenager I experienced darker emotions such as anger, frustration, and irritation. I developed agreeable personality characteristics as a child. In adulthood I sometimes struggle with the fear of rejection, self-acceptance, people pleasing tendencies, self-awareness, and feeling comfortable in my surrounding environment and own skin. I also developed a strong motivation to achieve academically, and have a strong sense of independence. As a child and through my teenage years I was not allowed to have an opinion or express individuality, which resulted in the inability or challenge to think on my own, questioning who I am through life stages, fearful of making decisions on my own and especially decisions I need to make on behalf of others, and codependency issues. The Microsystem. I grew up in a traditional family household for a time being that consisted of my mother, father, and sister. Although, it was considered a traditional two parent household, my father was rarely home, and when he was home he was unavailable. My mother was emotionally unavailable and suffered from manic depression. My mother stayed at home and my father was either out working or pursuing one of his addictions. My family was homeless until I was the age of 5. We had lived and slept in my father’s suburban, randomly stayed with strangers, and at times lived in a recreational vehicle. I assumed responsibility and care of my younger sibling, my mother, myself, and household chores. I entered the stages of maturity alone and without parental support. The lack of positive parenting during my adolescent years made me vulnerable to at-risk risk behaviors such as premarital sex, tobacco use, substance abuse, gang involvement and mental and social disorders (Clinton Clark, 2010). At the age of ten I was removed from my parent’s custody and placed in foster care where my sibling and I were separated and placed in different homes. In the foster system I was only allowed to socialize at school, and attended church depending on whether or not my foster parents at the time deemed it necessary. My sister and I went through several foster home placements which resulted in the loss of security, the loss of our personal possessions, and sense of belonging. Being bounced from home to home, it was difficult maintaining a close friendships with others. I developed an internal mechanism of being friendly with everyone, but not allowing myself to develop a close friendship with others. As I gained independence and freedom in my later teen years and early adulthood, I became more involved in church. The Mesosystem. I grew up in a rural community with a lack of parental involvement. There were no real established mesosystem relationships. The environment was inconsistently positive and very negative at times. Since school was my outlet, I strived for academic excellence and successfully achieved it. School seemed to be the only sense of stability. The Exosystem. Outside agencies that developed policies and created public resources were an indirect benefit to me as an adolescent and young adult. During childhood, I was able to eat lunch at school, and enjoy extracurricular activities such as Campfire Girls, cheerleading, and Key Club. I was given accessibility to the basic needs that my parents could not afford such as cloths, food, and shelter. As an adult, several community resources helped my daughter and escape and terminate a domestically violent relationship. The Macrosystem. During adolescence I was exposed to abuse, neglect, and violence first hand and via the television. My father grew up in the south and was very racist toward certain nationalities and races of people. The cultural context consisted of low socioeconomic status (SES), poverty, and experiencing our Native American ethnic background and being exposed to several conflicting belief systems. I grew up on a culture where corporate punishment was an acceptable practice. The culture valued individuality, independence, and self-reliance. I grew up in poverty with a prevailing crime rate not as noticeable as it is today. Social norms included the overuse of antibiotics (McDonnell Norms Group, 2008), and the use of drugs and alcohol were socially acceptable. Chronosystem. A pattern of environmental events, transitions, and sociohistorical circumstances contributed to my development over my lifespan. Both of my parents lived disloyal and adulterous life styles. Overtime, there unhealthy and dysfunctional patterns of relating to each other resulted in a separation. My father died when I was 17 years old. My parent’s marriage legally dissolved at the time of my father’s death. My mother remarried multiple times. My sister and I were exposed to their dysfunctional lifestyle, which tremendously impacted our lives. I personally, transitioned through many of life events by experiencing two divorces, being a single-mother of four children for quit sometime, remarrying and adjusting to a blended family, the loss of my oldest daughter, and facing the social political arena at work. The soil of my family growing up consisted of poverty, low socioeconomic status (SES), judgmental and racist attitudes, abusive and neglectful home environment, and conflicting belief systems. The three primary roots are family, school, and peer groups (McWhirter et al, 2013). My parent’s inability to raise my sister and me in a loving, secure, stable, and nurturing environment, and expose us to family conflict, abuse, neglect, lack of parenting, being emotionally unavailable, and an unstructured home environment contributed to my dysfunction and the at-risk behaviors in my life. The school system was unaware of our life circumstances and did not any support. My sister ended up dropping out and getting involved with drugs. I became sexually involved with my boyfriend at the age of 15 and became pregnant at the age of 16. My daughter gave me the drive to continue my education and succeed academically in order to provide her with a better life. I was withdrawn during my adolescence and teenage years. Although, I made intent to get along with everyone, I did not associate with everyone. The peer group I involved myself in strived for academic excellence and engaged in positive extracurricular activities. The trunk of the at-risk tree representing my life consisted of low self-esteem, and depression. The branches of at-risk categories in my life were high-school dropout, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and suicide. I was at risk for teen pregnancy and became pregnant at the age of sixteen. I succumbed to sexual activity with one partner in high school that resulted in teen pregnancy. I was very fortunate that at risk behaviors did not escalate. My tree was broken and bruised and produced damaged fruit. Instead of running to quick gratification I learned to run to God. I found my value and security in Christ. My branches although bruised eventually healed and produced good, healthy fruit. It took a lot of effort, drive, motivation, will, and trusting God in the midst of temptation and hardship. I was fortunate to have a variety of Gardeners in my life from Christian counselors, law enforcement, human service workers, youth group leaders, Sunday school teachers, and church mentors who helped me redirect my lifestyle. I learned how to be academically successful, a loving, supportive, caring mother to my children, a hard worker of integrity, and to do the right thing when the wrong thing seems easier at the time being.

Giving birth control devices to teenagers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Giving birth control devices to teenagers - Essay Example Birth control devices â€Å"could potentially make teenagers to think that they can have sex with anyone at any time and not have any consequences, but a lot of teenagers are uneducated about contraception and will misuse it, making it pointless† (What are the pros of giving free birth control to teens?). On the other hand, many people question the logic of providing birth control devices to teenagers. They are of the view that the easy accessibility of birth control devices may motivate teenagers further and further to engage in sexual activities. In their opinion, the fear of pregnancy is the only thing which prevents majority of teenagers from sexual activities. The availability of contraception or birth control devices will remove such fears from the minds of teenagers and they may increase their sexual activities beyond the limits. Teenage is a period during which the education of a person is taking place. Education is the most important thing in the life of a teenager. F ailure to complete the school or college life with flying colors may prevent the teenagers from getting better employment in future. In other words, security and safety of future life of a teenager are mostly depending on the academic qualifications. The availability of birth control devices may force the teenagers to shift their main focus from education to sexual activities. Such people will realize the consequences of their activities in future and they will not get any second opportunity to revert their future.

Brand Health Check Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brand Health Check - Essay Example In order to regain financial stability and overcome losses, playboy has extended its target market to a broader spectrum and positioned the brand in a different way. The whole targeting approach is explained below: Playboy has done the market segmentation based on the demographic factors especially gender, income profile and business groups in which the potential consumers belong. During the launch of the magazine its target market was the working men but after the decline of sales in 1982’s, they have shifted their focus to working class women also. The current median age of their target age group is 33. Playboy has introduced their product in variety of mediums such as television and online. Visual products were targeted to couple, irrespective of their working class, and the online media for market penetration and reach. (Playboy Enterprises. N.d) In 1990s, the declining sales figure forced playboy to rethink their market segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy. They discovered that explosive growths are available in Far East market, like in Japan. The company realized that change in income profile in Japan has changed the demographic as well as the psychographic orientation of the customers. Hence the segmentation was done according to the psychographics of the consumers. As people started to get out of the workaholic and obsessive behavior, their mindset also changes and the targeting strategies must be restructured in order to expand the market.(The Tech, 1990) Recent studies have shown that in order to stop the ever decreasing sales figure, playboy needs to rethink their positioning strategy in a different way. Playboy is no longer considered to be the lifestyle magazine against the conservative male norms. The company is targeting the middle-aged uneducated and under-paid people too because of product saturation in the existing market (Lapp.2013). Market share can be